Congenital, Developmental, and Acquired Anomalies

The anomalies of tooth structure can be categorized as congenital, developmental, and acquired.⁹ Congenital anomalies are those that are present or exist at the time of birth. Such anomalies may result from genetic, infectious, environmental, or nutritional factors.^7,9 Developmental anomalies are abnormalities that result from flawed growth and differentiation during tooth formation.⁹ By contrast, acquired anomalies are caused by external factors which affect the teeth subsequent to normal development.⁹