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Nutrition & Oral Posture

Course Number: 726

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References / Additional Resources

  1. Ansari, A., & Bordoni, B. (2024). Embryology, face. StatPearls.

  2. Hammond, N. L., & Dixon, M. J. (2022). Revisiting the embryogenesis of lip and palate development. Oral Diseases.

  3. . Cenzato, N., Nobili, A., & Maspero, C. (2021). Prevalence of dental malocclusions in different geographical areas: A scoping review. Dental Journal (Basel), 9(10), 117.

  4. Wahl, S. E., Kennedy, A. E., Wyatt, B. H., et al. (2015). The role of folate metabolism in orofacial development and clefting. Developmental Biology, 405(1), 108–122.

  5. Lin, T.-H., Hughes, T., & Meade, M. J. (2023). The genetic and environmental contributions to variation in the permanent dental arch form: A twin study. European Journal of Orthodontics, 45(6), 868–874.

  6. Nishio, C., & Huynh, N. (2016). Skeletal malocclusion and genetic expression: An evidence-based review. Journal of Dental Sleep Medicine, 3(2), 57–63.

  7. Kumar, V., Singh, K. J., Jani, K., et al. (2026). Correlation between early childhood oral habits and developing malocclusions: A pediatric-orthodontic cohort analysis. Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences, 18(Suppl 1), S185–S187.

  8. Peres, K. G., Cascaes, A. M., Nascimento, G. G., & Victora, C. G. (2015). Effect of breastfeeding on malocclusions: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Paediatrica, 104(S467), 54–61.

  9. Karadimitriou, M.-D., Kagioglou, N., Trimeridou, A. S., & Boka, V. (2025). Feeding practices and jaw development: A comprehensive literature review of their interconnected dynamics. Dental Research and Oral Health, 8(1), 27–37.

  10. Faryad, A., Muwaquet Rodriguez, S., & Hijazi Alsadi, T. (2026). The role of digit- and pacifier-sucking habits on malocclusion development in children: Anterior open bite and posterior crossbite—a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dental Journal (Basel), 14(1), 55.

  11. Fernández-Medina, I. M. (2026). Baby-led weaning vs traditional spoon-feeding: A systematic review of infant growth, choking risk, and iron status among infants aged 6–12 months. Nutrition Reviews.

  12. Satiti, R., Susanto, H., & Narwidina, A. (2025). Transverse maxillary dimensions and upper airway morphology in mouth- and nasal-breathing children aged 10–12 years: A CBCT-based study. Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research, 15(5), 1064–1070.

  13. Lin, L., Zhao, T., Qin, D., Hua, F., & He, H. (2022). The impact of mouth breathing on dentofacial development: A concise review. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 929165.

  14. Kang, J. H., Kim, J. Y., Jha, N., Jung, S. K., Lee, Y. S., & Kim, Y. J. (2025). Associations of tongue and hyoid position, tongue volume, and pharyngeal airway dimensions with various dentoskeletal growth patterns. PLoS One, 20(6), e0326092.

  15. Stock, J. T. (2018). Wolff’s law: Bone functional adaptation. In Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior. Springer

  16. de Paiva, C. S. S., Nunes, L. M., Bernardi, J. R., Moreira, P. R., Mariath, A. A. S., & Gomes, E. (2023). Choking, gagging and complementary feeding methods in the first year of life: A randomized clinical trial. Journal of Pediatrics (Rio J), 99(6), 574–581.

  17. Tashkandi, N. E., AlDosary, R., Zamandar, H., et al. (2025). The relationship between malocclusion and speech patterns: A cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health, 25(1), 65.

  18. Pexels. [Photograph].

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