Types of Depressive Disorders

There are many classifications of depression and major depressive disorders along with dysthymic disorders are the most commonly identified.¹⁰²

• Major depressive disorders are also known as major depression; collectively symptoms impact one’s ability to function, work, and enjoy life. This type of depression becomes disabling; it may occur only once or recur throughout a lifespan.¹⁰²

• Dysthymic disorders are typically characterized as lasting two or more years; altering normal functioning, yet not totally creating disability. Episodes involving major depression tend to occur often during a lifetime.¹⁰²

Other characteristics of depression are classified as:

• Postpartum depression can be diagnosed one month after a new mother delivers a baby.¹⁰² Altshuler and colleagues¹⁰¹ report 10-15% of women suffer with this depressive episode after delivery.

• Psychotic depression represents a form of psychosis; delusions and hallucinations usually coexist with severe depression.¹⁰²

• Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) can be characterized by depression experienced during the winter season. Oftentimes, light therapy is used in combination with antidepressant medications and psychotherapy to reduce SAD symptoms.¹⁰³

• Bipolar disorders are also known as manic-depressive illnesses and appear not as common as major depressive disorders. They are characterized by mood swings with extreme highs known as mania to very extreme lows classified as depression.¹⁰²