Behavioral Findings Associated with Methamphetamine Use

Behavioral changes associated with methamphetamine use vary according to the stage of intoxication, duration of use, degree of sleep deprivation, co-occurring psychiatric illness, and concurrent substance use. No single behavioral characteristic is diagnostic of methamphetamine use disorder, and similar findings may occur with other stimulant use or medical conditions.^3,20,41

Individuals experiencing acute methamphetamine intoxication may demonstrate agitation, hyperactivity, impulsivity, rapid or pressured speech, anxiety, irritability, suspiciousness, or aggressive behavior. Chronic methamphetamine use may also be associated with impaired judgment, poor decision-making, compulsive behaviors, social withdrawal, neglect of personal responsibilities, and difficulty maintaining employment or interpersonal relationships.^3,20,41

Because chronic methamphetamine use may impair attention, memory, executive function, and judgment, dental professionals should carefully evaluate a patient's ability to understand proposed treatment, appreciate the risks and benefits of treatment, and provide informed consent before initiating elective dental procedures. When decision-making capacity is uncertain, treatment should be deferred until the patient can participate meaningfully in the informed consent process.^1,28,40

Patients engaged in recovery may demonstrate none of these behavioral findings. Clinical decisions should therefore be based on the patient's current presentation, decision-making capacity, and physiologic status, rather than a history of methamphetamine use alone.^1,28