Geriatric Nutrition and Oral Function

Malnutrition in older adults is both a cause and consequence of poor oral health. Conditions like periodontal disease, tooth loss, xerostomia and impaired chewing and swallowing, can significantly reduce nutrient intake. These challenges are especially pronounced among older adults in disadvantaged communities, where access to dental care and nutritious food may be limited.²⁰

Older adults are particularly vulnerable to inadequate nutrition and poor dietary habits, which can further comprise their oral health. Maintaining good oral hygiene and functional dentition is essential for ensuring sufficient nutritional intake and reducing the risk of malnutrition.²⁰

Nutritional counseling for older adults should emphasize increasing the intake of healthy fats and high-quality protein, particularly from sources like fish and nuts, as well as phytonutrients from a variety of fruits and vegetables. These dietary components support both general health and oral health, helping to maintain strong teeth and periodontal structure.²⁰

A recent study found over 25% of older patients screened for nutritional deficiencies in dental clinics were malnourished or at risk.²⁰ Oral health providers should routinely perform dietary assessments for older adults to ensure adequate nutrition and reinforce the importance of a functioning dentition.